🔹 Deadjectival Nouns Ending in -ismo

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The suffix -ismo is highly productive in Spanish and attaches mainly to adjectival bases (fatal → fatalismo) though also to nouns (revancha → revanchismo). In the A-ismo pattern, the base is an adjective, and these nouns typically denote doctrines, ideologies, or schools of thought (liberalismo, racionalismo), artistic movements (romanticismo, modernismo), or attitudes and tendencies (fatalismo, conformismo, fanatismo). It's such an open paradigm that no dictionary can capture every possible formation.

#	Spanish Noun	Noun in English	Base Adjective	Base Adjective in English
1	nacionalismo	nationalism	nacional	national
2	socialismo	socialism	social	social
3	realismo	realism	real	real; realistic
4	liberalismo	liberalism	liberal	liberal
5	romanticismo	Romanticism; romanticism	romántico	romantic
6	idealismo	idealism	ideal	ideal
7	modernismo	Modernism; modernism	moderno	modern
8	individualismo	individualism	individual	individual
9	materialismo	materialism	material	material
10	activismo	activism	activo	active
11	autoritarismo	authoritarianism	autoritario	authoritarian
12	racionalismo	rationalism	racional	rational
13	relativismo	relativism	relativo	relative
14	totalitarismo	totalitarianism	totalitario	totalitarian
15	clasicismo	Classicism	clásico	classical; classic
16	naturalismo	naturalism	natural	natural
17	radicalismo	radicalism	radical	radical
18	fanatismo	fanaticism	fanático	fanatical
19	pragmatismo	pragmatism	pragmático	pragmatic
20	escepticismo	skepticism	escéptico	skeptical
21	historicismo	historicism	histórico	historical
22	catolicismo	Catholicism	católico	Catholic
23	humanismo	humanism	humano	human
24	fatalismo	fatalism	fatal	fatal
25	conformismo	conformism; complacency	conforme	content; compliant
26	cinismo	cynicism	cínico	cynical
27	dinamismo	dynamism	dinámico	dynamic
28	surrealismo	Surrealism	surreal	surreal
29	agnosticismo	agnosticism	agnóstico	agnostic
30	ateísmo	atheism	ateo	atheistic
31	absolutismo	absolutism	absoluto	absolute
32	protestantismo	Protestantism	protestante	Protestant
33	militarismo	militarism	militar	military
34	profesionalismo	professionalism	profesional	professional
35	empirismo	empiricism	empírico	empirical
36	futurismo	Futurism; futurism	futuro	future
37	sentimentalismo	sentimentalism; sentimentality	sentimental	sentimental
38	servilismo	servility; servile behavior	servil	servile
39	cosmopolitismo	cosmopolitanism	cosmopolita	cosmopolitan
40	civismo	civic-mindedness; civic spirit	cívico	civic
41	laicismo	secularism; laicism	laico	secular; lay
42	belicismo	bellicism; warmongering	bélico	warlike; bellicose
43	inmovilismo	resistance to change; immobilism	inmóvil	immobile
44	corporativismo	corporatism	corporativo	corporate; corporatist
45	exclusivismo	exclusivism	exclusivo	exclusive
46	objetivismo	objectivism	objetivo	objective
47	subjetivismo	subjectivism	subjetivo	subjective
48	particularismo	particularism	particular	particular
49	localismo	localism	local	local
50	sindicalismo	trade unionism; syndicalism	sindical	trade-union
51	tribalismo	tribalism	tribal	tribal
52	sectarismo	sectarianism	sectario	sectarian
53	automatismo	automatism; automaticity	automático	automatic
54	antagonismo	antagonism	antagónico	antagonistic
55	ascetismo	asceticism	ascético	ascetic
56	dogmatismo	dogmatism	dogmático	dogmatic
57	mecanicismo	mechanism; mechanistic doctrine	mecánico	mechanical
58	anacronismo	anachronism	anacrónico	anachronistic
59	academicismo	academicism	académico	academic
60	vulgarismo	vulgarism; nonstandard expression	vulgar	vulgar; nonstandard
61	salvajismo	savagery; brutal behavior	salvaje	wild; savage
62	gregarismo	gregariousness	gregario	gregarious
63	facilismo	tendency to choose the easiest course	fácil	easy
64	buenismo	naïve do-goodism	bueno	good
65	casticismo	linguistic/cultural purism	castizo	traditional; pure
66	barroquismo	baroque style or excess	barroco	baroque
67	primitivismo	primitivism	primitivo	primitive
68	organicismo	organicism	orgánico	organic
69	cientificismo	scientism	científico	scientific
70	sistematismo	systematism	sistemático	systematic
71	tipicismo	typical or traditional character	típico	typical
72	canarismo	Canarian word/feature; Canarianism	canario	Canarian
73	italianismo	Italianism; Italian-derived expression	italiano	Italian
74	españolismo	Spanishism; strong attachment to Spain	español	Spanish
75	americanismo	Americanism; American Spanish feature	americano	American
76	argentinismo	Argentinism; Argentine Spanish feature	argentino	Argentine
77	colombianismo	Colombianism; Colombian Spanish feature	colombiano	Colombian
78	andalucismo	Andalusianism; Andalusian feature	andaluz	Andalusian
79	aragonesismo	Aragonese expression or feature	aragonés	Aragonese
80	portuguesismo	Portuguese-derived expression	portugués	Portuguese
81	absentismo	absenteeism	ausente	absent
82	ausentismo	absenteeism	ausente	absent
83	pauperismo	pauperism; widespread poverty	pobre	poor

Important morphophonological details:

With -ico adjectives, the -ic- segment is sometimes dropped: antagónico → antagonismo, ascético → ascetismo, automático → automatismo, cínico → cinismo, cívico → civismo, fanático → fanatismo.
In other cases -ico is kept: clásico → clasicismo, romántico → romanticismo, católico → catolicismo, histórico → historicismo, laico → laicismo, bélico → belicismo, mecánico → mecanicismo.
A few adjectives allow both forms, with the reduced one preferred: cientifismo (preferred) and cientificismo; sistematismo (preferred) and sistematicismo.
Adjectives ending in -io merge that vowel with the -i- of -ismo: gregario → gregarismo, sectario → sectarismo, canario → canarismo.
With a stressed final vowel, the derivation is regular: aragonés → aragonesismo, portugués → portuguesismo.
ausente → absentismo alternates with ausentismo; both forms are valid.
pobre → pauperismo takes a borrowed learned base, not *pobrismo.

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