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Aula grátisThe deadjectival suffix -era forms a relatively small group of feminine nouns expressing a quality, condition, or state, frequently a physical condition: sordo → sordera, ciego → ceguera, ronco → ronquera. Some describe temporary states, especially ronquera, flojera and borrachera.
The nouns are ordered approximately by contemporary frequency and general usefulness.
| # | Spanish Noun | Noun in English | Base Adjective | Base Adjective in English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ceguera | blindness | ciego | blind |
| 2 | sordera | deafness; hearing loss | sordo | deaf |
| 3 | borrachera | drunkenness; intoxication | borracho | drunk; intoxicated |
| 4 | cojera | limp; lameness | cojo | limping; lame |
| 5 | flojera | laziness; sluggishness; weakness | flojo | lazy; weak; slack |
| 6 | ronquera | hoarseness | ronco | hoarse |
| 7 | tontera | foolishness; silly thing | tonto | foolish; silly |
| 8 | bizquera | strabismus; squint | bizco | cross-eyed; squinting |
| 9 | chochera | senility; dotage | chocho | senile; doting |
| 10 | manquera | condition of being manco | manco | lacking or unable to use a hand/arm |
| 11 | renguera | limp; lameness (regional) | rengo | limping; lame |
| 12 | renquera | limp; lameness (American Spanish) | renco | limping; lame |
The RAE specifically lists ceguera, chochera, flojera, manquera, ronquera, sordera and tontera in this A-era group. Cojera and bizquera are also transparent deadjectival formations (cojo, bizco) recorded by the DLE.
Notice the spelling changes used to preserve the consonant sound:
Also, tontera is especially characteristic of American Spanish; the RAE notes that it is generally more frequent there than tontada, while the reverse tendency occurs in European Spanish.
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